See pulk on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "no",
"3": "pulk"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian pulk",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sv",
"3": "pulka"
},
"expansion": "Swedish pulka",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fi",
"3": "pulkka"
},
"expansion": "Finnish pulkka",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "smi"
},
"expansion": "Sami",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "bulki"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami bulki",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*pulkkē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *pulkkē",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Nordic languages: Norwegian pulk; Swedish pulka, Finnish pulkka, from Sami pul’hkē (compare Northern Sami bulki), from Proto-Samic *pulkkē.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pulks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pulka",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pulkha",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pulk (plural pulks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A low-slung boatlike sled, used for man-hauling supplies across snow and ice."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "akja"
}
],
"id": "en-pulk-en-noun-b2YbUVet",
"links": [
[
"boatlike",
"boatlike"
],
[
"sled",
"sled"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "toboggan"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "pulk"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "kelk"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "salvokelk"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "laste kelk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "pulkka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "pulka"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "Pulka"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "pulk"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pulka",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "пулка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "volokuša",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "волокуша"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "pulka"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "púlka",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "пу́лка"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʌlk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʊlk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pulk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pulk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pulk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pulk.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pulk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pulk.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌlk"
}
],
"word": "pulk"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "fi",
"3": "pulkka"
},
"expansion": "Finnish pulkka",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "smi"
},
"expansion": "Sami",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*pulkkē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *pulkkē",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Finnish pulkka, from a Sami language, from Proto-Samic *pulkkē.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pulken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pulker",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pulkene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pulk m (definite singular pulken, indefinite plural pulker, definite plural pulkene)",
"name": "nb-noun-m1"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a toboggan, pulk"
],
"id": "en-pulk-nb-noun-sZZMgDQo",
"links": [
[
"toboggan",
"toboggan"
],
[
"pulk",
"pulk#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pulk"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "fi",
"3": "pulkka"
},
"expansion": "Finnish pulkka",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "smi"
},
"expansion": "Sami",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*pulkkē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *pulkkē",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Finnish pulkka, from a Sami language, from Proto-Samic *pulkkē.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pulken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pulkar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pulkane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pulk m (definite singular pulken, indefinite plural pulkar, definite plural pulkane)",
"name": "nn-noun-m1"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a toboggan, pulk"
],
"id": "en-pulk-nn-noun-sZZMgDQo",
"links": [
[
"toboggan",
"toboggan"
],
[
"pulk",
"pulk#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pulk"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "no",
"3": "pulk"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian pulk",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sv",
"3": "pulka"
},
"expansion": "Swedish pulka",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fi",
"3": "pulkka"
},
"expansion": "Finnish pulkka",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "smi"
},
"expansion": "Sami",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "bulki"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami bulki",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*pulkkē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *pulkkē",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Nordic languages: Norwegian pulk; Swedish pulka, Finnish pulkka, from Sami pul’hkē (compare Northern Sami bulki), from Proto-Samic *pulkkē.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pulks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pulka",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pulkha",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pulk (plural pulks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Finnish",
"English terms derived from Norwegian",
"English terms derived from Proto-Samic",
"English terms derived from Sami languages",
"English terms derived from Swedish",
"English undefined derivations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌlk",
"Rhymes:English/ʌlk/1 syllable",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"glosses": [
"A low-slung boatlike sled, used for man-hauling supplies across snow and ice."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "akja"
}
],
"links": [
[
"boatlike",
"boatlike"
],
[
"sled",
"sled"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "toboggan"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʌlk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʊlk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pulk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pulk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pulk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pulk.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pulk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pulk.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌlk"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "pulk"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "kelk"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "salvokelk"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "laste kelk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "pulkka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "pulka"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "Pulka"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "pulk"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pulka",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "пулка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "volokuša",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "волокуша"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "pulka"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "púlka",
"sense": "low-slung boatlike sled",
"word": "пу́лка"
}
],
"word": "pulk"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "fi",
"3": "pulkka"
},
"expansion": "Finnish pulkka",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "smi"
},
"expansion": "Sami",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*pulkkē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *pulkkē",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Finnish pulkka, from a Sami language, from Proto-Samic *pulkkē.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pulken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pulker",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pulkene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pulk m (definite singular pulken, indefinite plural pulker, definite plural pulkene)",
"name": "nb-noun-m1"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms borrowed from Finnish",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Finnish",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Proto-Samic",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Sami languages",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"a toboggan, pulk"
],
"links": [
[
"toboggan",
"toboggan"
],
[
"pulk",
"pulk#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pulk"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "fi",
"3": "pulkka"
},
"expansion": "Finnish pulkka",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "smi"
},
"expansion": "Sami",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*pulkkē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *pulkkē",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Finnish pulkka, from a Sami language, from Proto-Samic *pulkkē.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pulken",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pulkar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pulkane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pulk m (definite singular pulken, indefinite plural pulkar, definite plural pulkane)",
"name": "nn-noun-m1"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms borrowed from Finnish",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Finnish",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Samic",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Sami languages",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"a toboggan, pulk"
],
"links": [
[
"toboggan",
"toboggan"
],
[
"pulk",
"pulk#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pulk"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pulk meaning in All languages combined (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.